Philosophical Examination
Unlocking Cognitive Potential: AI & Extended Cognition in Learning
This paper explores the profound impact of Generative AI on learning, analyzing its role within the framework of extended cognition. We examine how AI can either hinder active learning by substituting cognitive effort or enhance it as a complementary tool, particularly in science education.
Executive Summary: AI's Dual Role in Education
Generative AI (GenAI) presents both opportunities and risks in educational settings. While it can accelerate certain processes, its improper use may reduce active learning and cognitive development. Strategic integration is key to harnessing its benefits without compromising core learning objectives.
Deep Analysis & Enterprise Applications
Select a topic to dive deeper, then explore the specific findings from the research, rebuilt as interactive, enterprise-focused modules.
| Role | Characteristics | Impact on Learning |
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| Substitutive AI |
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| Complementary AI |
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Enterprise Process Flow
Case Study: Multi-Agent Feedback Systems
Guo et al. (2024) developed an 'Autofeedback' multi-agent GenAI model for science students. Instead of a single chatbot, multiple agents collaborate to provide feedback, significantly reducing over-praise by 14.17% and over-inference by 20.21%.
Benefit: This system demonstrates how GenAI can function as a complementary cognitive artifact, facilitating self-criticism and improving student performance without replacing their core cognitive activity. It extends the learner's cognitive capacity for evaluation.
Case Study: AI as Assistive Technology
Heidt (2024) and Yang et al. (2024) showcase GenAI tools for neurodivergent individuals or those with visual impairments (e.g., image generators for aphantasia, VIAssist for visually impaired). These tools help organize tasks, retrieve information, and interpret complex visuals.
Benefit: GenAI as assistive technology is a prime example of complementary cognitive extension. Like Otto's notebook, it enables individuals to achieve epistemic goals that would otherwise be difficult, promoting inclusion and equity in science education without substituting core cognitive effort.
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