Enterprise AI Analysis
Critical Thinking in the Age of AI: A Systematic Review of AI's Effects on Higher Education
Authors: Rahyuni Melisa, Ashadi Ashadi, Anita Triastuti, Sari Hidayati, Achmad Salido, Priska Efriani Luansi Ero, Cut Marlini, Zefrin Zefrin, Zaki Al Fuad
Publication: Educational Process: International Journal (2025)
Artificial Intelligence has become an invaluable tool in academia, offering instant feedback, personalized learning experiences, and support for various academic tasks. This study investigates the impact of ChatGPT, an AI-driven language model, on developing critical thinking, evaluation, and independent judgment skills among higher education students across various academic disciplines.
Executive Impact: Key Metrics
A concise overview of the analytical data and its implications for enterprise-level decision-making.
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Deep Analysis & Enterprise Applications
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ChatGPT's Role
This category focuses on ChatGPT's utility in enhancing academic performance, providing personalized learning, and streamlining administrative tasks, while also addressing concerns about academic integrity and ethical implications. It highlights ChatGPT's capabilities in generating human-like text and solving complex problems.
- Automated assessment and language translation support
- Personalized learning experiences and virtual tutoring
- Support for self-directed learning and research idea exchange
- Concerns regarding academic integrity, privacy, and ethics
Critical Thinking Impact
This section examines how ChatGPT influences critical thinking skills, distinguishing between its potential to enhance lower-level cognitive skills and its challenges to higher-order thinking. It explores arguments for and against ChatGPT's role in developing analytical skills, reflective writing, and self-regulation.
- Potential to diminish analytical thinking skills due to overreliance
- Enhancement of critical thinking through structured thought and argument refinement
- Fostering self-regulation and evaluation of AI-generated responses
- Balancing AI support with the need for independent critical skills development
Pedagogical Implications
This category explores the broader implications of ChatGPT for pedagogical practices in higher education. It discusses how educators can leverage AI tools for content creation and assessment while managing risks such as misinformation, plagiarism, and the need for new instructional strategies.
- Adapting instruction and assessment methods
- Managing issues of plagiarism and data privacy
- Guiding students in responsible AI use and information verification
- The shift in educators' roles from information providers to facilitators
73%
of studies confirm ChatGPT's potential to enhance critical thinking, when used responsibly.
Systematic Review Methodology
Identification (Scopus=73, ERIC=16)
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Duplicate Removal (n=12)
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Screening (n=77)
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Exclusion (n=46)
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Eligibility (n=31)
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Final Exclusion (n=12)
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Included Articles (n=19)
| Aspect | Positive Impact | Negative Impact |
|---|---|---|
| Information Access |
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| Cognitive Skills |
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| Academic Integrity |
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Educator's Guide to Responsible AI Integration
Challenge: A primary challenge in using ChatGPT is ensuring that students remain active participants in learning and do not over-rely on AI, potentially reducing their critical thinking and evaluation skills.
Solution: Educators must provide structured guidance, emphasizing critical evaluation and verification of AI-generated content. This includes designing activities that encourage active learning and questioning of AI output.
Result: By fostering these practices, institutions can maximize the benefits of ChatGPT while mitigating its potential drawbacks, ensuring its integration supports meaningful learning and skill development.
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Your AI Implementation Roadmap
A strategic phased approach to integrate AI effectively, ensuring maximum benefit and minimal disruption.
Phase 1: Pilot Programs & Policy Development
Implement small-scale pilot programs in select courses to gather feedback and develop institutional policies for AI use in education, focusing on ethical guidelines and academic integrity. Start with clear rubrics for AI-assisted assignments.
Phase 2: Faculty Training & Curriculum Integration
Conduct comprehensive training for faculty on integrating ChatGPT responsibly into their teaching, emphasizing critical thinking exercises, prompt engineering, and strategies for verifying AI output. Revise curriculum to include AI literacy.
Phase 3: Student Workshops & Support Systems
Launch student workshops on effective and ethical AI tool usage, promoting critical evaluation of AI-generated content and fostering independent judgment. Establish AI literacy support centers.
Phase 4: Longitudinal Impact Assessment & Refinement
Perform long-term studies to assess the impact of AI integration on student learning outcomes, critical thinking skills, and academic integrity. Continuously refine policies and pedagogical approaches based on empirical data and emerging AI capabilities.
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