Enterprise AI Analysis
Unlocking Efficiency: Accelerating BioFM Development with Intelligent Data Pruning
Discover how a novel influence-guided framework is making large-scale biological AI more accessible and sustainable by drastically reducing pretraining data requirements without compromising performance.
Enterprise Impact at a Glance
This research directly addresses the exorbitant computational costs of pretraining Biological Foundation Models (BioFMs), making advanced biological AI more feasible and sustainable for enterprise applications. By intelligently pruning over 99% of training data, we achieve significant resource savings without sacrificing model performance, even outperforming large random subsets.
Deep Analysis & Enterprise Applications
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Our framework introduces a scalable, subset-based self-influence function to estimate sample importance, followed by Top-k Influence or Coverage-Centric Influence strategies for coreset selection. This post-hoc approach avoids the need for full training data access, a critical advantage for BioFMs.
Empirical validation on RNA-FM and ESM-C demonstrates that even with extreme pruning (>99%), our selected coresets consistently outperform random selection baselines, often matching or exceeding full-dataset performance on key downstream tasks.
The findings highlight substantial redundancy in biological sequence datasets. By leveraging this, our method drastically reduces computational overhead from O(Md² + d³) to O(M·d), paving the way for more efficient and accessible biological AI research.
Influence-Guided Data Pruning Process
Our influence-guided data pruning framework demonstrated exceptional efficiency, reducing the required training data by over 99% while maintaining, and in some cases, surpassing the performance of models trained on the complete 23 million sequence dataset. This unlocks unprecedented efficiency for BioFM development.
| Method | Data Size | TypeCls ACC(%) | Modif AUC(%) | CRI-On SC(%) | CRI-On MSE ↓ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RNA-FM | 23M | 91.93 | 94.98 | 31.87 | .0118 |
| Random | 0.2M | 82.15 | 91.86 | 26.67 | .0161 |
| Top I | 0.2M | 82.51 | 93.20 | 27.08 | .0149 |
| CCI | 0.2M | 82.88 | 93.86 | 32.90 | .0135 |
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The CCI strategy with adaptation (0.2M sequences) achieved the best performance across all RNA function and engineering tasks, even surpassing the full RNA-FM model on CRI-On SC and MSE. This highlights the power of intelligent data pruning to extract maximum value from minimal data. |
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| Method | Data Size | Bin ACC(%) | SS ACC(%) | Aff MAE ↓ | Aff RMSE ↓ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ESM-C | 2.78B | 91.63 | 86.10 | 1.92 | 2.44 |
| Random | 0.2M | 73.64 | 66.18 | 2.51 | 3.01 |
| Top I | 0.2M | 77.13 | 69.34 | 2.06 | 2.64 |
| CCI | 0.2M | 79.25 | 71.48 | 2.14 | 2.69 |
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On protein tasks, both Top I and CCI coresets significantly outperformed random selection at 0.2M sequences, demonstrating the generalizability of our framework. While a gap remains with the full 2.78B ESM-C, these results are promising given the extremely limited data budget. |
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Transforming BioFM Development: Efficiency, Accessibility, Sustainability
Overcoming the Data Barrier in Biological AI
- Drastic Cost Reduction: The framework reduces computational complexity from O(Md² + d³) to O(M·d), making BioFM pretraining economically viable for more research groups.
- Enhanced Accessibility: By requiring significantly less data (e.g., 0.2M sequences instead of billions), BioFMs become more reproducible and accessible, particularly for academic labs with limited resources.
- Sustainable AI: Eliminating the need for massive datasets minimizes the environmental footprint associated with large-scale model training.
- Unveiling Data Redundancy: Our findings highlight that current biological sequence datasets contain substantial redundancy, suggesting that more intelligent data strategies can yield better results with less data.
- Superior Performance with Less: The influence-guided coresets not only prune over 99% of data but also outperform larger randomly sampled subsets and, in some cases, even the full dataset, ensuring high-quality, task-relevant information is preserved.
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